Steve Jobs, From Computers to Tablets-- 悼念乔布斯（转载）

英雄人

Jim Wilson/The New York Times
Steven P. Jobs introduced the iPhone 4 in San Francisco in 2010.
斯蒂夫 P 乔布斯在2010年的旧金山介绍产品苹果第四代手机。
Steven P. Jobs, the visionary co-founder and former chief executive of Apple, has died at 56. Mr. Jobs stepped down from the chief executive role in late August, saying he could no longer fulfill his duties, and became chairman.
斯蒂夫 P 乔布斯，这位富于远见的前苹果公司前CEO和合作创始人去世，享年56岁。今年8月晚些时候乔布斯从CEO的职务上辞职，宣告他已不能再履行他的职责，同时担任董事会主席。


摘自维基百科的介绍

Steven Paul Jobs (February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011)[2][6][7][8] was an American computer entrepreneur and inventor. He was co-founder,[9] chairman, and chief executive officer of Apple Inc.[10][11] Jobs also previously served as chief executive of Pixar Animation Studios; he became a member of the board of directors of The Walt Disney Company in 2006, following the acquisition of Pixar by Disney. He was credited in Toy Story (1995) as an executive producer.[12]
In the late 1970s, Jobs, with Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak, Mike Markkula,[9] and others, designed, developed, and marketed one of the first commercially successful lines of personal computers, the Apple II series. In the early 1980s, Jobs was among the first to see the commercial potential of Xerox PARC's mouse-driven graphical user interface, which led to the creation of the Macintosh.[13][14] After losing a power struggle with the board of directors in 1985,[15][16] Jobs resigned from Apple and founded NeXT, a computer platform development company specializing in the higher-education and business markets. Apple's subsequent 1996 buyout of NeXT brought Jobs back to the company he co-founded, and he served as its CEO from 1997 until 2011. In 1986, he acquired the computer graphics division of Lucasfilm Ltd which was spun off as Pixar Animation Studios.[17] He remained CEO and majority shareholder at 50.1 percent until its acquisition by The Walt Disney company in 2006.[18] Consequently Jobs became Disney's largest individual shareholder at 7 percent and a member of Disney's Board of Directors.[19][20][21][22]
His aim to develop products that are both functional and elegant earned him a devoted following.[23]
On August 24, 2011, Jobs announced his resignation from his role as Apple's CEO. In his letter of resignation, Jobs strongly recommended that the Apple executive succession plan be followed and Tim Cook be named as his successor. Per his request, Jobs was appointed chairman of Apple's board of directors.[24][25][26][27] On October 5, 2011, Apple announced that Jobs had died.[8][28] He was 56 years old.[29]

以下中文版摘自维基百科，并非以上英文版的对照翻译。

史蒂芬·保罗·乔布斯（英语：Steven Paul Jobs，1955年2月24日－2011年10月5日），简称为史蒂夫·乔布斯（英语：Steve Jobs），苹果公司的创办人之一，并曾任苹果公司的董事会主席、首席运行官，同时也是前皮克斯动画工作室的董事长及首席执行官（皮克斯动画工作室已于2006年被迪士尼收购[3]）。乔布斯还曾是迪士尼公司的董事会成员和最大个人股东[9]。乔布斯被认为是电脑业界与娱乐业界的标志性人物，同时人们也把他视作麦金塔电脑、iPod、iTunes Store、iPhone、iPad等知名数字产品的缔造者[10]。2007年，史蒂夫·乔布斯被《财富》杂志评为了年度最强有力商人[11]。
乔布斯的生涯极大地影响了硅谷风险创业的传奇，他将美学至上的设计理念在全世界推广开来。他对简约及便利设计的推崇为他赢得了许多忠实追随者[12]。乔布斯与沃兹尼亚克共同使个人电脑在70年代末至80年代初流行开来，他也是第一个看到鼠标的商业潜力的人[13]。乔布斯在1985年苹果高层权力斗争中离开苹果并成立了NeXT公司，瞄准专业市场。1997年，苹果收购NeXT，乔布斯回到苹果接任首席执行官。2011年8月24日，乔布斯宣布辞去苹果首席执行官职务，10月5日因身患胰腺癌去世，享年56岁[14]。

英雄人

乔布斯在加利福尼亚州的Homestead High School毕业后，就读俄勒冈州波特兰里德学院，只念一学期就因为经济因素而休学[15]。他借住朋友家的车库，但仍到社区大学中旁听书法课等课程，也因为对书法美术的素养使他对电脑软件字形美学处理特别重视，让苹果电脑日后吸引了许多美术设计工作者来使用。1974年曾在雅达利任技术员，以赚钱往印度灵修。1976年，21岁的乔布斯与26岁的斯蒂夫·沃兹尼亚克在自家的车房里成立了苹果公司。他们制造了世界最早商业化的个人电脑之一，并称为Apple I，其售价是$666.66，然而依苹果电脑前首席执行官约翰·史考力的看法，乔布斯并不算有科技研发能力。[16]
离开苹果
1983年，苹果公司的业务越做越大，乔布斯便开始查找一名出色的首席执行官管理公司。他找上了百事可乐公司的约翰·史考力，对他说：“你是想卖一辈子糖水呢，还是改变整个世界？”史考力随后欣然前往苹果公司，出任首席运行官。1984年，首台麦金塔电脑推出，苹果公司打出电视广告《1984》，广告模仿乔治·奥维尔的著作《一九八四》，引起很大反响。
1985年，电脑业界普遍萧条，史考力认为乔布斯已成为公司问题的来源，史考力在其自传"苹果战争"中指出乔布斯并不算有技术研发的能力，并把乔布斯赶出了苹果公司。离开苹果后，乔布斯创立了NeXT电脑公司，并发展出NeXT电脑及NeXTSTEP操作系统。就像Lisa一样，NeXT拥有最先进的技术，但是不能成为最流行的电脑。
独立时期
1986年他花1000万美元从乔治·卢卡斯手中收购了Lucasfilm旗下位于加利福尼亚州Emeryville的电脑动画效果工作室，并成立独立公司皮克斯动画工作室。在之后十年，该公司成为了众所周知的3D电脑动画公司，并在1995年推出全球首部全3D立体动画电影《玩具总动员》。这公司已在2006年被迪士尼收购，乔布斯也因此成为最大股东。